
Leaky gut is real — clinically called increased intestinal permeability — and food is rarely the root cause of chronic digestive issues. If your clients are reacting to multiple foods, still bloated after cleaning up their diet, or hitting a performance and results wall, the gut microbiome and digestive function are worth investigating. A root cause approach looks at the full gut environment, not just what's on the plate.
You've been there. Your client is hitting their workouts, eating whole foods, cutting out dairy and gluten, managing stress, and they still look six months pregnant with bloating by the end of the day. Their energy is tanked, the weight isn't moving, and they're starting to wonder if something is fundamentally wrong with them.
It's not their discipline. And it's probably not the food.
In Episode 436 of the PT Profit Formula Podcast, I sat down with Hannah Aylward — gut health expert and CEO of HAN — to break down what's actually happening in these cases, what fitness coaches should be watching for, and why the standard elimination diet advice so often misses the point entirely.
Listen to the Podcast:
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Hannah specializes in helping people with chronic digestive issues who have already tried everything. Her clients aren't new to this. They've been eating organic whole foods, exercising, taking probiotics, and rotating through elimination diets for years. They're still suffering. Her approach is root cause — she looks at the full gut environment: the microbiome, gut barrier function, digestive enzyme secretion, stomach acid production, and nervous system regulation.
A significant portion of her clients are practitioners: nurses, coaches, RDs, chiropractors, functional nutrition practitioners. People who help others for a living but can't crack their own case.
"It's very rarely the food that's causing the issue. If you're reacting to lots of foods, especially healthy foods — you can't eat onions, you can't eat garlic, you can't eat an apple — that's not a food problem. That's a gut problem."
"Leaky gut" gets thrown around constantly, and it also gets dismissed constantly. Hannah broke it down: the term itself isn't well accepted in conventional medicine, but the underlying mechanism — increased intestinal permeability — is very real and well-supported by research. Cases of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis involve significant gut barrier inflammation. The mechanism isn't controversial; the casual use of the term is.
Your gut lining is semi-permeable by design. That's how nutrients are absorbed. The problem is hyperpermeability — when infections, chronic stress, elevated cortisol, certain medications (including long-term NSAID use), and microbial imbalances start degrading the gut barrier. That degradation drives systemic inflammation, worsens food reactivity, and contributes to a broader symptom cascade.
What Hannah pushes back on is the lazy leaky gut protocol. Recommending L-glutamine and calling it addressed doesn't answer why the gut barrier broke down in the first place. Was it bacterial overgrowth? Chronic stress? Poor bacterial diversity? Mold or heavy metal exposure? That's the question worth answering.
Here's what happens too often: a client comes in with chronic bloating and low energy, gets a food sensitivity panel run, and walks away with a list of 30 foods they can't eat. They spend years restricting further and further, their relationship with food deteriorates, and they still feel terrible.
Hannah sees this constantly. She's direct about it: food sensitivity tests are largely inaccurate, and reacting to a long list of random foods is not evidence that those foods are the problem.
"If there are more than two or three foods you really can't eat — it's a deeper gut issue."
The more useful diagnostic lens is pattern recognition: Reacting to fat-rich foods (avocado, olive oil, nuts)? Fat maldigestion — a liver and gallbladder issue. Reacting to protein (heaviness after meat, burping right after eating)? Typically low stomach acid. Reacting to fiber-rich foods across the board? Could be bacterial overgrowth, like SIBO.
The avocado isn't the problem. The body just can't break it down properly right now.
Hannah identifies these as key red flags that it's time to refer out for deeper gut health support:
Persistent bloating, constipation, or diarrhea that hasn't responded to dietary changes
Not having a daily bowel movement — or going 10 times a day
Wide food reactivity with no clear pattern
Chronic skin issues (acne, eczema, psoriasis) that haven't responded to dietary or topical changes
Any autoimmune condition in the background
Fatigue and low energy that doesn't improve with rest or lifestyle changes
Weight that won't budge despite consistent effort
"If your tools aren't fully working, and they're still sluggish, exhausted, and really bloated — it could be time to dig a little deeper."
Your adrenals don't literally fatigue and quit. What happens is HPA axis dysregulation: the communication loop between your hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands goes haywire after prolonged chronic stress. Eventually, instead of producing too much cortisol, you start producing too little.
Hannah experienced this after her business tripled in a year — waking with headaches, needing two cups of coffee to function, losing motivation. Cortisol testing came back bottomed out.
"Low cortisol puts you at high risk for autoimmunity, and you just feel terrible."
Women in particular tend to normalize feeling terrible. Tired, bloated, can't lose weight, foggy, afraid of food. They chalk it up to age, stress, or being postpartum. They've never felt great long enough to know what great actually feels like.
Hannah's signal: "If your head space is being taken up by your health more than it's not — that's worth paying attention to."
You shouldn't have to reorganize your day around your digestion. If you're having two good days and five bad days every week, that's not just life — that's something to investigate.
The timeline depends on root cause complexity. Foundational changes can produce shifts in as little as two weeks. Addressing bacterial overgrowth: three to four months. Complex cases involving mold toxicity, heavy metals, or MCAS: nine months to a year.
Hannah's rule: 80 to 85% consistency over four to six months beats 100% for one week followed by nothing. The goal is integration and sustainability, not a perfect sprint.
Leaky gut (increased intestinal permeability) is real. The root cause matters more than the label.
Reacting to many random foods is a sign of gut dysfunction, not evidence those foods are problems.
Pattern recognition (fat vs. protein vs. fiber reactivity) is more useful than a food sensitivity panel.
Watch for persistent bloating, bowel irregularity, chronic skin issues, and unresponsive fatigue as referral signals.
"Adrenal fatigue" is HPA axis dysregulation — real, measurable, worth addressing.
Healing takes three to nine months depending on complexity.
80-85% consistency beats perfectionism every time.
Medically, the accepted term is increased intestinal permeability. The mechanism is well-supported in research — particularly in IBD, Crohn's, and ulcerative colitis. The term "leaky gut" is informal but describes something real.
If meaningful dietary changes haven't resolved persistent bloating and your client is reacting to a wide variety of foods, it's likely a gut environment issue — microbiome imbalance, maldigestion, or gut barrier dysfunction.
Allergies involve an IgE-mediated immune response and can cause anaphylaxis. Food sensitivities are typically digestive reactions that often resolve when underlying gut dysfunction is addressed. A long list on a sensitivity test usually means the gut needs support, not that those foods must be permanently avoided.
The HPA axis regulates your stress response and cortisol output. Prolonged chronic stress can dysregulate this, eventually resulting in low cortisol — leaving you exhausted, emotionally flat, and prone to autoimmune flares.
When consistent diet, lifestyle, and stress management haven't resolved persistent digestive symptoms, fatigue, skin issues, or weight stagnation — or any time there's an autoimmune condition present.
In most cases, yes. Hannah sees clients come in reactive to dozens of foods and leave eating tomatoes, apples, and dairy again — because the gut dysfunction driving the reactivity has been addressed.
Foundational shifts: two weeks to two months. Root cause healing: three to six months. Complex cases (mold, heavy metals, MCAS): nine months to a year.
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